Elliptical Sentences

Elliptical sentence ( sentence ellipse ) is a combination of two different words but the same subject predicate, and is used to prevent the repetition of the word . The use of elliptic sentence aims to deliver a statement in a simple and at the same time avoid repeating the same sentence elements .

In elliptic sentences , commonly used words too , so , either , Neither , but with the auxiliary verb .

1.  Elip wording used too and so

Elip sentence structures that use too and so , is used to combine two positive sentences that have the same predicate ( including objects with complementary )


The pattern of the sentence :

... . ( + ) ... . , And + subject + auxiliary + too

... . ( + ) ... . , And + so + auxiliary + subject


Note :

The auxiliary verb ( auxiliary verb ) , as used herein should be adjusted to shape the time of the first sentence . The position of the word too is always located behind the auxiliary verb , whereas the layout so always at the beginning of the auxiliary verb .

Examples of its use in a sentence in English :

- She studies English everyday | saya belajar bahasa Inggris setiap hari

- I study English everyday | saya belajar bahasa Inggris setiap hari

Sentence ellipse :

- She studies English everyday, and I am too | dia belajar bahasa Inggris setiap hari, dan saya juga

- She studies English everyday, and so am I | dia belajar bahasa Inggris setiap hari, dan saya juga

- I bought a dictionary yesterday | saya membeli sebuah kamus kemarin

- Joni bought a dictionary yesterday | Joni membeli sebuah kamus kemarin

Sentence ellipse :

- I bought a dictionary yesterday, and Joni did too | saya membeli sebuah kamus kemarin, dan Joni juga

- I bought a dictionary yesterday, and so did Joni | saya membeli sebuah kamus kemarin, dan Joni juga


2.  Elip sentence structure using either and Neither

Elip sentence structures that use either and Neither , used to join two pieces of the same negative sentence predicate ( including objects and captions or complementary ) .

The pattern of the sentence :

…. (-) …., and + subyek + auxiliary + not + either

…. (-) …., and + neither + auxiliary + subyek


Note :

The auxiliary verb used must be adapted to form a first sentence . The layout is either behind the auxiliary verb , whereas Neither location is before the auxiliary verb . Neither no need for additional notes on the back of her auxiliary verb because the shape Neither comes from "no + either "

Examples of its use in a sentence in English :

- I didn’t go to school yesterday | saya tidak pergi ke sekolah kemarin

- He didn’t go to school yesterday | dia tidak pergi ke sekolah kemarin

Sentence ellipse :

- I didn’t go to school yesterday, and he didn’t either | saya tidak pergi ke sekolah kemarin, dan dia juga

- I didn’t go to school yesterday, and neither did he | saya tidak pergi ke sekolah kemarin, dan dia juga

- Tracy doesn’t have breakfast at seven | tracy tidak makan pagi pada jam tujuh

- I don’t have breakfast at seven | saya tidak makan pagi pada jam tujuh

Sentence ellipse :

- Tracy doesn’t have breakfast at seven, and I don’t either | tracy tidak makan pagi pada jam tujuh, dan saya juga

- Tracy doesn’t have breakfast at seven, and neither do I |tracy tidak makan pagi pada jam tujuh, dan saya juga



3.   Elip wording used but

Elip sentence structures that use but , used to combine two sentences have the opposite predicate ( one positive and one negative )

The pattern of the sentence :

…. (+) …., but + subyek + auxiliary + not

…. (+) …., but + subyek + auxiliary


Note :

The auxiliary verb used must be adapted to form a first sentence . If the first sentence in the form of positive , then its auxiliary must be coupled with a "not " . Meanwhile, if the first sentence is negative, then the auxiliary its not necessary to add "not " .

Examples of its use in a sentence in English :

- They come here | mereka datang kesini

- She doesn’t come here | dia tidak datang kesini

Sentence ellipse :

- They come here, and she doesn’t | mereka datang kesini, dan dia tidak

- He doesn’t work hard | dia tidak bekerja keras

- I work hard | saya bekerja keras

Sentence ellipse :

- He doesn’t work hard, but I do | dia tidak bekerja keras, tetapi saya bekerja keras



http://mahirbahasainggris.com/elliptical-sentence-dalam-bahasa-inggris/

Telling about my plans

I have three things that I will do after my graduation. First, I will find a job and also try to find scholarship for my S2. I want to work in a place or in a department that is appropriate with my skill, for example in an accounting. And then I want to go to New York and Mexico to continue my study for S2. Second, I will get married and try to make a beautiful family. I will try to be faithful to my husband and also try to be a good mother for my children. Last, I will give a present to my beloved parent. I will take them to go to Mecca and do the pilgrimage together. I think that’s all my plans after I graduate. Amien

conditional + if

Conditional Sentences are also known as Conditional Clauses or If Clauses. They are used to express that the action in the main clause (without if) can only take place if a certain condition (in the clause with if) is fulfilled. There are three types of Conditional Sentences.

Conditional Sentence Type 1

→ It is possible and also very likely that the condition will be fulfilled.

Form: if + Simple Present, will-Future

Example: If I find her address, I’ll send her an invitation.


Conditional Sentence Type 2

→ It is possible but very unlikely, that the condition will be fulfilled.

Form: if + Simple Past, Conditional I (= would + Infinitive)

Example: If I found her address, I would send her an invitation.


Conditional Sentence Type 3

→ It is impossible that the condition will be fulfilled because it refers to the past.

NegativeIf + Past Perfect Tense, + S + Would/should/could/might + Have + Verb3 (Past participle)

OR

S + Would/should/could/might + Have + Verb3 (Past participle) + If + Past Perfect Tense if + condition
Example :
- If I had studied, I would have passed the exams.
- If I had studied, I could have passed the exams.
- If I had studied, I might have passed the exams.
- I would have passed the exams if I had studied.
- I could have passed the exams if I had studied.
- I might have passed the exams if I had studied.

Negative if + condition

The formula : if ... not can be replaced with UNLESS .

Examples of conditional sentence : if ... not and UNLESS :

Using the formula if negative , conditional sentence examples as below .

If the students do not understand , they will raise Reviews their hand to ask .

Unless the students understand , they will raise Reviews their hand to ask . ( If students do not understand , they will raise their hands to ask. )


Form: if + Past Perfect, Conditional II (= would + have + Past Participle)

Example: If I had found her address, I would have sent her an invitation.

COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

COUNTABLE NOUNS

Countable nouns are for things we can count using numbers. They have a singular and a plural form. The singular form can use the determiner "a" or "an". If you want to ask about the quantity of a countable noun, you ask "How many?" combined with the plural countable noun.

Singular                                  Plural
One dog                             Two dogs
One horse                          Two horses
One man                            Two men
One idea                            Two ideas
One shop                           Two shops

EXAMPLES:

* She has three dogs.
* I own a house.
* I would like two books please.
* How many friends do you have?

UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

Uncountable nouns are for the things that we cannot count with numbers. They may be the names for abstract ideas or qualities or for physical objects that are too small or too amorphous to be counted (liquids, powders, gases, etc.). Uncountable nouns are used with a singular verb. They usually do not have a plural form.

EXAMPLES:

tea ,sugar, water, air, rice, knowledge, beauty, anger, fear, love, money, research, safety, evidence.

We cannot use a/an with these nouns. To express a quantity of an uncountable noun, use a word or expression like some, a lot of, much, a bit of, a great deal of , or else use an exact measurement like a cup of, a bag of, 1kg of, 1L of, a handful of, a pinch of, an hour of, a day of. If you want to ask about the quantity of an uncountable noun, you ask "How much?"

EXAMPLES:

* There has been a lot of researchinto the causes of this disease.
* He gave me a great deal of advicebefore my interview.
* Can you give me some information about uncountable nouns?
* He did not have much sugar left.
* Measure 1 cup of water, 300g of flour, and 1 teaspoon of salt.
* How much rice do you want?

tell about my experience

Bad Shopping Experience in My Life
I had a bad experience when I did shopping because of the shop assistant’s fault. However, the security officer of the shop really embarrassed me of stealing a pair of blue jeans.
That was on Sunday afternoon. I went to a fashion shop with my friends. I chose a pair of blue jeans to buy and paid for them at the cashier. Unfortunately, the shop assistant was careless. She forgot to take the censor clip on the blue jeans. So, when I left the shop, the detector beeped. The security officer shouted at me, “Hey, you…! Stop!!”  Then, he took me to the manager’s room.
After examining, the security officer and the manager realized that it was not my fault. They said they were very sorry about what had happened. Finally, the manager asked me to take one piece of clothing for free.
Oh really bad experience for me but i'm so happy because i got free blue jeans...yeeaahhh!!!

pengertian pronouns, jenis-jenisnya dan contohnya

Pronoun
Pronoun is a word used to replace the noun ( noun ), which can be a person , object , animal , place , or an abstract concept . Pronouns is one of the eight parts of speech .

Various Kinds Example Sentences Noun :

1.Personal pronoun  (I, you, they, we, she, he, it, us, her, his, them, mine, yours, its)

Pronoun for people , animals , objects, or things specifically . The form of the pronoun depending on the role (subject, object , possessive ) , the amount , the ke- , and gender of the noun that was replaced .
Example :
She prefers to brisk walk to jog.
(Dia lebih memilih jalan cepat daripada joging.)
Yours is on the table.
(Punyamu di atas meja.)

2. Demonstrative pronoun  (this, that, these, those)

Pronoun use parameter number ( quantity ) and distance ( distance ) .
Example :
This is the most interesting book I have ever read.
(Ini buku paling menarik yang saya pernah baca.)

3. Interrogative pronoun  (who, what, which, whose, whom, etc)

Pronouns are used to ask questions.
Example :
Who is that man?
(Siapa lelaki itu?)

4. Relative pronoun  (who, whose, which, whom, that, etc)

Pronouns are usually initiated relative clause .
Example :
The packet, which was sent a week ago, has received.
(Paket tersebut, yang dikirim seminggu lalu, telah diterima.)

5. Indefinite pronoun (anything, everything, none, someone, something, etc)

Pronoun for people, objects , or things in general or specific.
Example :
You did everything right.
(Kamu melakukan semuanya dengan benar.)

6. Reflexive pronoun (myself, yourself, itself, youselves, himself, herself, ourselves, themselves )

Pronouns are used to indicate that the subject receives the action of the verb ( reciprocal action) in a clause or sentence .
Example :
I‘m going to buy myself new jeans.
(Saya akan membeli celana jins.)

7. Intensive prounoun  (same with reflexive pronoun)

Pronouns are used to give emphasis on the noun that precedes it .
Example :
 I myself promise not to corrupt the project.
(Saya berjanji tidak akan mengorupsi proyek tersebut.)

8. Reciprocal pronoun  (each other, one another)

Pronouns used in circumstances where two or more subjects perform the same actions with one another .
Example :
They love each other.
(Mereka saling mencintai.)


Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement :

a rapprochement between pronoun and antecedent in terms of number , person, and gender . What is the antecedent ? that is the word , phrase , or clause is replaced by a pronoun . This agreement is of course necessary if there are two of them in a sentence .
Example :
You should take off your shoes there. (Kamu harus melepas sepatumu di sana.) [antecedent,pronoun]

Expletive Pronoun (There & It) :

an " empty words " or words that do not add meaning , but it is useful to give emphasis on certain parts of a sentence . There / it be used together to form expletive verb construction .
Example :
There is no food in my house. (Tidak ada makanan di rumahku.)
It was easy to meet him. (Dulu mudah bertemu dengannya.)

http://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-macam-contoh-kalimat-pronouns

pengertian dan contoh dari subject,verb,complement dan modifier

I. Subject

The subject is a word or phrase that serves as actors, subjects, or causes of action. Generally subject position at the beginning of the sentence, but there is also a subject that is not at the beginning of the sentence. There are two kinds of subjects in the English language are:

A. Subject Simple

Simple subject is the subject that consists of a single subject. This could be a noun (noun), pronoun (pronoun), gerund, infinitive, and clauses. Example sentences for the five subjects this simple form you can see below.

1. The noun as a subject

* I write an article. [I wrote an article]

2. pronoun as subject

* She studies English with her children. [She is learning English with his children]

3. gerund as subject

* Writing in a coffee shop is one of my tactics to increase of my productivity. [Writing in the coffee shop is one of my tactics to increase my productivity.]

4. infinitive as subject

* To fly requires skill. [Fly requires skill.]

5. Clause as a subject

* What she said was valuable. [What he said helpful.]

B. Subject Combined

The combined subject is a subject that has more than one subject. Example sentences mengadung subject of this type is as follows:

* My wife and I can not Attend the workshop. [My wife and I could not attend the workshop.]

Ii. Verb

Verbs are a way of life

A verb, in the English language, is used to describe an action (talk), an event (crumble), or a state (rest). 

Here is an example of verbs at work:

The dog will run to his owner and play in the park.

Both "run" and "play" are verbs, as they are things that the dog is doing.

Transitive and intransitive verbs

A transitive verb is used when someone does something to an object. This means that the sentence must have an object. For example, "Bobby finished his homework." In this sentence, Bobby, the subject, did something to his homework—he finished it. "Homework" is thus the direct object in the sentence. On the other hand, intransitive verbs don't require direct objects. For example, "Sandra will sleep until noon." The verb "sleep" has no object. Verbs of motion are further examples of intransitive verbs, e.g., "She ran" or "We drove."

There's no need to be tense about verbs

The proofreaders at Scribendi recognize 18 possible verb tenses. This may sound intimidating, but unless you're a linguist, you'll probably never even notice you're using them! The three tenses that are most commonly referred to are present, past, and future:

Present: I drink.

Past: I drank.

Future: I will drink.

A present tense verb is used to describe something you are currently doing. The past tense is used to describe something you have done, and the future tense denotes your intention to do something later.

It is important to use the correct tense when you are writing. If you are writing in the present tense, your verbs must reflect this.

If your narrative takes place in the past, you must use the past tense. Remember, when writing in the past tense, you must conjugate (modify) your verbs from present to past. This is seen in the example above. In the present tense, you drink, but in the past tense, you drank (drink has been conjugated, or modified, to reflect the past tense).

Irregular verbs

You may be wondering why, when drink moved from present to past tense, its spelling changed. This is due to one of the trickiest things in the English language: the irregular verb. There are more than 370 irregular verbs in modern English, most of which occur when a verb is conjugated into the past tense. An irregular verb is one that cannot be conjugated by adding –es, –ed, or –ing to it.

Here is an example of a regular verb compared with an irregular verb:

Regular  Verb:        "Laugh"		Irregular  Verb:      "Dig"
Present:	I laugh	Present:	I dig
Past:	I laughed	Past:	I dug
Future:	I will laugh	Future:	I will dig

As you can see, to conjugate the regular verb, our English proofreaders need only place an –ed at the end, leaving the word otherwise unchanged. To conjugate the irregular verb, however, we added nothing to the end, but rather changed the spelling of the original word. This concept is often difficult for native English speakers to comprehend, so one can only imagine the difficulties that English as a second language students must encounter! Common errors occur when students fail to recognize these special rules, resulting in incorrect verb usage, such as "I digged a hole!" or "I drinked all of my milk!"

III. Complement

Complement is a complement of the verb. It's like the subject is usually in the form of a noun or noun phrase. But, in general complement follow the verb form of the sentence when the sentence is active. And for the record, the sentence in the English language does not always need a complement. Then complement can not start with a preposition. The characteristics of complement is a complement, can answer the question of what or Whom. To be more clear please see the example below.

Example:

Bill bought a new car yesterday?	(What did Bill buy?)
Lian was reading a book.	(What was Lian reading?)
She wants to eat pizza.	(What does she want to eat?)
He saw Sarah at the restaurant last night.	(Whom did he see at the restaurant?)
Mr. Hiddle called Lampard yesterday.	(Whom did he see at the restaurant?)
She was making a cake.	(What was she making?)

IV. Modifier

 Modifier is a word, phrase and clause in the English language that has a function as an adjective (adjective) or adverb (adverb) which explains another word or group of words. In English, the word or group of words that are known by the Head explained. Here's the explanation:

• Function as an adjective (can be as simple adjective, adjective phrase, clause, participle or infinitive): explains noun

• Function as an adverb (can be as simple adverb, adverb phrase, clause, prepositional phrase or infinitive): explain verb, adjective or another adverb.

Modifier appearing before the Head called the Premodifiers, while the modifier to appear after Head called the Postmodifiers. Below is an example of premodifiers and postmodifiers sentence with the word 'detective' as Head:

• Premodifiers

Hercule Poirot is a famous detective

• Postmodifiers

The detective with big glasses solves the most Baffling cases

EXAMPLE MODIFIER

1. As an adjective

• She found a chocolate put on my bag

'Put on my bag' (participial phrase) to function as an adjective that describes 'chocholate' (noun)

• The magazine that Rena has read is very interesting

'That Rena has read' (adjective clause) serves to explain 'the book' (noun)

2. As an adverb

• He plays the violin so beautifully

'So beautifully' (adverb phrase) serves to explain 'plays violin' (verb)

• When you went to the school, she Came

'When you went to the school' (adverb clause) answered the question "When did she come? '

http://www.ef.co.id/englishfirst/englishstudy/modifier-dalam-bahasa-inggris.aspx

https://www.scribendi.com/advice/all_about_verbs.en.html